[popular science] how much do you know about ship materials?

Since the new century, with the continuous development of science and technology and the continuous improvement of productivity, the navigation industry and the shipbuilding industry have also kept pace with the times, forming a tide of development, and more and more people began to contact the shipbuilding industry. However, due to the degree of familiarity and contact, many outsiders do not understand some relevant concepts of ships, and even a small number of insiders are a little vague. In order to let everyone better understand the shipbuilding industry and better promote the development of China's navigation industry and shipbuilding industry. The editor decided to push a popular science article about the basic knowledge of ships to everyone every week. The concept to be introduced in detail today is ship materials.

Definition of ship materials

What is ship material? Ship materials refer to fuel and lubricating materials, navigation data, fresh water, household and labor protection articles and other articles required for ship production and maintenance.

Types of ship materials

There are many kinds of ship materials, which can be generally divided into the following types

(1) Fuel lubricant and water, including all kinds of fuel oil, lubricating oil, lubricating grease and distilled water;

(2) Black and white metal, including all kinds of section steel, steel plate, seamless steel pipe, joint steel pipe, galvanized steel pipe, excellent Zhi carbon steel, alloy steel;

(3) Non ferrous metals, including non-ferrous metal raw materials and alloys, copper, brass, bronze, lead, aluminum, zinc, etc;

(4) Metal products, including various valves, pipe joints, bolts, nuts, washers, cotters, welding materials and other metal products;

(5) Chemicals, various chemical raw materials, reagents, paints, detergents, etc;

(6) Electrical materials;

(7) Various tools;

(8) Instruments and meters;

(9) An all equipment and labor protection supplies;

(10) Padding, rubber and fiber products;

(11) Various sundries.

Application and supply of ship materials

Ship suppliers and shipping companies in many countries have prepared ship material manuals, which contain the numbers, specifications, performance, materials, etc. of various materials, so as to guide the selection and ordering of materials.

According to the work needs, the chief engineer shall fill in the material application form every month or every voyage, and submit it to the company's supply department for review and supply after being reviewed by the chief engineer. Purchasing materials abroad requires the approval of the supply department in advance.

The ship's materials shall be kept by a specially assigned person to eliminate waste. Ocean going ships are generally in the charge of the engineer assistant and the chief engineer of coastal ships.

About ship material management

(1) The application for materials shall be based on the principle of applicability and Appropriateness. The competent personnel of each department on board shall do a good job in material management, count the receipt and consumption of materials at the end of each quarter, and fill in the quarterly report of materials. The application and use of materials should be planned to prevent deterioration and theft of materials due to improper storage.

(2) All materials must be submitted to the company with a material application form, which is prepared by the relevant personnel of all departments on board.

(3) There are two copies of the material application form, one of which is submitted to the company for approval, and the purchase is sent to the ship. The material requisition shall be prepared at the end of each quarter and submitted to the company.

(4) All contents of the material requisition form should be carefully filled in, clearly written, indicating the specification, model, etc., and signed by the voucher preparer and reviewer to show their responsibility.

(5) The whole ship should be a unified whole. In order to save material expenses, materials and tools not commonly used in their respective business scope should be borrowed from relevant departments if necessary.

(6) Each supervisor of the ship shall carefully carry out the material acceptance work, accept the materials one by one according to the bill of materials delivered to the ship, check the quantity, variety, product certificate, product description, etc. of the materials, and return the unqualified materials, wrong models or unusable materials in time, and indicate them in the bill of materials. A copy of the bill of materials delivered to the ship shall be kept on the ship for filing after being accepted, signed and sealed.

(7) If quality problems are found in use, fill in the spare parts / material quality feedback form and report it to the company in time.

(8) If it is necessary to purchase materials in foreign ports, it should be applied to the company through the captain, and can only be purchased with the consent of the company. No person can purchase materials without the approval of the company, otherwise he will be responsible for the consequences.